Austere Avvaiyar - Part 6

Avvaiyar's life history is associated with interesting incidents and events. One such popular event is the "Sutta Pazham Venduma, Sudatha Pazham Venduma.." between Avvaiyar and Lord Murugan and the subsequent dialogues and songs. This post is about that incidents and the songs associated with that incident.


One day Avvaiyar was very tired walking a long distance, came to rest under a Naaval Tree (Black/Java Plum). A boy who was herding cattle in that forest met Avvaiyar on his way. Seeing Avvaiyar tired and resting under the tree, wanted to help her. He went to her and asked if he wanted to put down the fruit from the tree. 


Avvaiyar said yes and the boy asked if she wanted "Suttam Pazhama, Sudatha Pazhama?" meaning the one that is roasted/burnt or hot or the one that is not. Avvaiyar thought that the kid was blabbering something as she considered him to be an illiterate, told him to put the "Sudatha Pazham" (Fruit that is not hot/roasted). 


The boy said ok and shook the tree's branch which fell the ripe fruits on the ground. Avvaiyar started picking those fruits and found sand sticking to the fruit. So, she started to blow away the sand in the fruit before eating it. That's when the boy exclaimed "Is the fruit, hot?". The gesture of blowing the sand in the fruit appeared as if the fruit was hot. It also meant, that the fruit that fell to the ground is heated up by the earth's heat and the one that is caught before it falls to the ground is not.


Avvaiyar had a realisation, she thought the boy to be an illiterate, but he has taught her a big lesson. Moreover, she had a momentary pride and neglect in her mind thinking that the boy is illiterate and she was knowledgeable. This incident made her realise that nobody should be neglected and she sang this song. 


கருங்காலிக் கட்டைக்கு நாணாக்கோ டாலி 
இருங்கதலித் தண்டுக்கு நாணும் பெருங்கானில் 
காரெருமை மேய்க்கின்ற காளைக்கு நான் தோற்றேன் 
ஈரிரவும் துஞ்சாதென் கண் 


Karungaali Kattaikku Naanaa Kodali
Irunkadhali Thundukku Naanum Perunkaanil
Kaarerumai Meikkindra Kaalaikku Naan Thotraen
Eeriravum Thunjaathen Kann


meaning, The axe that did not give in even for the hardest Karungaali Tree, gave in for the tender stem of the plaintain. I lost to the boy who herds cattle in the big forest, as a result my eyes will not sleep for two nights.


She also felt that this should be the act of the Divine and request the boy to reveal his true image. 


Then the boy revealed who he was and was Lord Murugan incarnate. Lord Murugan explained that He wanted to enjoy the Tamil eloquence of Avvaiyar and He had been playing around to hear the sweet Tamil from Avvaiyar. Avvaiyar was happy and worshipped Him.


He asked what is the most awful thing in the world


கொடியது கேட்கின் நெடியவெவ் வேலோய்
கொடிது கொடிது வறுமை கொடிது 
அதனினும் கொடிதே இளமையில் வறுமை 
அதனினும் கொடிதே ஆற்றொணாக் கொடுநோய்
அதனினும் கொடிதே அன்பிலா பெண்டிர் 
அதனினும் கொடிதே இன்புற அவள் கையில் உண்பது தானே 


Kodiyadhu Kaetkin Nediyavev Veloi
Kodithu Kodithu Varumai Kodithu
Adhaninum Kodithae Ilamayil Varumai
Adhaninum Kodithae Aatronaak Kodunoi
Adhaninum Kodithae Anbila Pendir
Adhaninum Kodithae Inbura Aval Kayil Unbadhu Thaanae


meaning, If You ask what is the most awful thing in the world, my Lord with the long spear (Vel)
Poverty is awful,
Even more awful is poverty during youth
Even more awful is incurable disease
Even more awful is women without kindness
The most awful to take the food served by her


Then He asked what is the most pleasantest thing in the world. Avvaiyar sang the following


இனியது கேட்கின் தனிநெடு வேலோய் 
இனிது இனிது ஏகாந்தம் இனிது 
அதனினும் இனிது ஆதியை தொழுதல் 
அதனினும் இனிது அறிவினர்ச் சேர்தல் 
அதனினும் இனிது அறிவுள்ளோரை
கனவினும் நனவினும் காண்பது தானே 


Iniyadhu Kaetkin Thaninedu Veloi
Inidhu Inidhu Ekantham Inidhu
Adhaninum Inidhu Aadhiyai Thozhuthal
Adhaninum Inidhu Arivinar Saerdhal
Adhaninum Inidhu Arivullorai
Kanavinum Nanavinum Kaanbadhu Thaanae


meaning, If You ask what is the pleasant thing in this world, my Lord with the unique spear (Vel)
Being independent and alone is pleasant
Even more pleasant is to worship the Supreme Being
Even more pleasant is to be in touch with the learned and knowledgeable
Even more pleasant is to see their presence in reality and in the dreams


Then Lord Murugan asked what is the most biggest thing in the world. And there came the next song


பெரியது கேட்கின் எரிதவழ் வேலோய் 
பெரியது பெரியது புவனம் பெரியது 
புவனமோ நான்முகன் படைப்பு 
நான்முகன் கரியமால் உந்தியில் வந்தோன் 
கரிய மாலோ அலைகடல் துயின்றோன் 
அலைகடல் குறுமுனி அங்கையில் அடக்கம்
குறுமுனியோ கலசத்திற் பிறந்தோன்
கலசமோ புவியிற் சிறுமண் 
புவியோ அரவினுக்கு ஒருதலை பாரம் 
அரவோ உமையவள் சிறுவிரல் மோதிரம் 
உமையோ இறைவன் பாகத்து ஒடுக்கம் 
இறைவரோ தொண்டர் உள்ளத்து ஒடுக்கம்
தொண்டர்தம் பெருமை சொல்லவும் பெரிதே


Periyadhu Kaetkin Yerithavazh Veloi
Periyadhu Periyadhu Bhuvanam Periyadhu
Bhuvanamo Naanmugan Padaippu
Naanmugan Kariyamaal Undhiyil Vandhon
Kariya Maalo Alaikadal Thuyindron
Alaikadal Kurumuni Angaiyil Adakkam
Kurumuniyo Kalasathir Pirandhon
Kalasamo Puviyir Sirumann
Puviyo Aravinukku Oruthalai Baaram
Aravo Umaiyaval Siruviral Modhiram
Umaiyo Iraivan Baagaththu Odukkam
Iraivaro Thondar Ullaththu Odukkam
Thondartham Perumai Sollavum Peridhae


meaning, if You ask me the biggest thing.


The world (landscape) is a big thing
The world is a creation of Lord Brahma
Lord Brahma came from the umbilical cord of Lord Vishnu
Lord Vishnu sleeps in the big ocean
The big ocean was contained within Agathiar's kamandalam (small vessel)
Agathiar was born in a small pot (Kalasam)
The pot is a small portion of this earth
The earth is a burden for one of the heads for the Aadhi Seshan - The snake with a thousand heads
The Aadhi Seshan is a ring in Goddess Parvathi's finger
Goddess Parvathi is a part of Lord Shiva
Lord Shiva is inside the hearts of his devotees
So praising the devotees of Lord Shiva is a big thing


Though the comparison Avvaiyar made might be logically questionable, but when we observe the beauty, the comparison goes on increasing in size until in gets into the small heart of the devotees


The last one asked by Lord Murugan was about the rarest thing. Avvaiyar responded with the song below


அரியது கேட்கின் வரிவடி வேலோய் 
மக்கள் யாக்கையிற் பிறத்தலும் அரிதே 
மக்கள் யாக்கையிற் பிறந்த காலையும் 
மூங்கையும் செவிடும் கூனும் குருடும்
பேடும் நீங்கிப் பிறத்தலும் அரிதே 
பேடு நீங்கி பிறந்த காலையும் 
ஞானமும் கல்வியும் நன்குறல் அரிதே 
ஞானமும் கல்வியும் நன்குறும் ஆயினும் 
தானமும் தவமும் தரித்தலும் அரிதே 
தானமும் தவமும் தரித்தார்க் கல்லது 
வானவர் நாடு வழி திறவாதே 


Ariyadhu Kaetkin Varivadi Veloi
Makkal Yaakkaiyir Piraththalum Aridhae
Makkal Yaakkaiyir Pirandha Kaalaiyum
Moongaiyum Sevidum Koonum Kurudum 
Paedum Neengip Piraththalum Aridhae
Paedu Neengi Pirandha Kaalayum
Gnanamum Kalviyum Nankural Aridhae
Gnanamum Kalviyum Nankurum Aayinum
Dhananum Dhavamum Thariththalum Aridhae
Dhananum Dhavamum Tharithaark Kalladhu
Vaanavar Naadu Vazhi Thiravaadhae


meaning, if You ask me what is the rarest thing, my Lord with the spear (Vel)
Being born as a human is rare
Even if born a human, it is rarer
To be born without being dumb, deaf, humpback, blind
Even if born without disabilities, it is rarer
To have knowledge and education
Even if one has good knowledge and education, it is rarer
To have benevolence and ethics
Without those benevolence and ethics
Heaven would not open its gates to give to people


That pleased Lord Murugan, Avvaiyar's eloquence and poetry made Him happy. He blessed her for her knowledge and literary eloquence and left.


Though these songs have been made popular through movies and music discs, some of them were modified to match the tune or situation. However the meaning conveyed is more or less similar. All these songs by Avvaiyar inculcate moral values and at the same time are also more captivating too.


More to come, until then...

Austere Avvaiyar - Part 5

Avvaiyar is known for her simplicity, but at times, there were situations where some poets, especially Kambar, confronted her and consequently tried provoking her. Even in such situations, Avvaiyar maintained her stance of simplicity, composure and righteousness. However her responses would be so sharp that the truth in them would make the opponents to put their heads down in shame or in acceptance of defeat.

One such situation was with Kambar. Kambar gained prominence and was a hailed for his great work Kamba Ramayanam. The King was praising Kambar more and seemed to neglect other poets who have equally contributed to literature. As a result, Kambar‘s pride knew no bounds, and he too neglected and treated other poets with disrespect. Even his attire was pompous and prideful. Seeing this, Avvaiyar sang the following

விரகர் இருவர் புகழ்ந்திட வேண்டும்
விரல்நிறைய மோதிரங்கள் வேண்டும் அரையதனில்
பஞ்சேனும் பட்டேனும் வேண்டும் அவர்கவிதை
நஞ்சேனும் வேம்பேனும் நன்று

Viragar Iruvar Pugazhdhida Vendum
Viral Niraya Modhirangal Vendum Araiyadhanil
Panjenum Pattenum Vendum Avarkavidhai
Nanjenum Vembenum Nandru


meaning, A poet has to have at least two cunning people beside him to praise him often; Rings in his fingers, dress that is made of silk or cotton. For such a pompous, gawdy poet, his poetry, even if rubbish or bitter in meaning, will be praised.

Viragar - Person cunning, shrewd or smart
Pugazh - Praise
Viral - Fingers
Niraya - Full
Modhiram - Ring
Arai Adhanil - Lower half of the body
Panju - Cotton
Pattu - Silk
Kavidhai - Poetry
Nanju - Poison
Vembu - Refers to the Neem tree which indicates bitterness
Nandru - Better

What Avvaiyar conveyed in her song was that even if a poet has achieved prominence out of his work, a poet has to have humility. Had not the message been so strong, it would not have reached.

On seeing Avvaiyar being provoked at Kambar’s actions, the King intervened to prevent things from going worse and also he has a very great respect for Kambar, hence he came to talk in favour of Kambar. The King said that Kambar is a great poet who has written an epic in Tamil literature which no other poet has done. There came the response from Avvaiyar, which was even more embarassing for Kambar

வான்குருவி யின்கூடு வல்லரக்குத் தொல்கறையான்
தேன்சிலம்பி யாவருக்குஞ் செய்யரிதால் யாம்பெரிதும்
வல்லோமே என்று வலிமைசொல வேண்டாங்காண்
எல்லார்க்கும் ஒவ்வொன் றெளிது

Vaankuruviyin Koodu Vallarakku Tholkaraiyaan
Thaen Silambi Yaavarukkum Seiyaridhaal Yaam Peridhum
Vallome Endru Valimai Solla Vendam Kaan
Ellaarkkum Ovondru Elidhu


meaning, building a complex and delicate nest like the weaver bird, a strong mound like the termite, gathering honey, the intricate spider web is not easily to be built by all. Likewise, never boast yourself by the works you have done. Because, each one has a task that he can do easily. Additionally, one can never claim superiority over the others by doing a task that is easy for them but difficult or impossible for the others. Like a weaver bird can build its intricate nest but cannot build a termite mound, hence cannot claim superiority by the task one does.

Vaankuruvi - The weaver bird in this context
Vallarakku - Termite mound
Karaiyaan - Termite
Thaen - Honey
Silambi - Spider web
Yaavarkkum - for everyone
Seiyaridhu - Rare/difficult to be done
Yaam - reflexive pronoun
Peridhum - Refers to enormous amount
Vallom - Able
Valimai - Strength, Power
Solla - Tell
Vendaam - Negation of an action
Ellarkkum - for everyone
Ovondru Elidhu - Somethings are easy

Still trying to save Kambar’s face in front of the other poets and people in his court, the King said that Kambar was a poet by birth. Without missing a beat, there came the following song from Avvaiyar

சித்திரமும் கைப்பழக்கம் செந்தமிழும் நாப்பழக்கம்
வைத்ததொரு கல்வி மனப்பழக்கம் நித்தம்
நடையும் நடைப்பழக்கம் நட்பும் தயையும்
கொடையும் பிறவிக் குணம்

Chithiramum Kai Pazhakkam Senthamizhum Naapazhakkam
Vaithadhor Kalviyum Manappazhakkam Niththam
Nadaiyum Nadaipazhakkam Natpum Dhayaiyum
Kodaiyum Piravi Gunam


meaning, The finest art is the practice of the hand; The eloquence in Tamil literature is the practice of the tongue; The greatness of knowledge is the practice of the mind; The nobility of behaviour is by the practice of being nobly behaved. The ones that come by birth are - friendly attitude, mercy and benevolence.

Chithiram - Art, Painting
Kai - Hand
Pazhakkam - Practice
Senthamizh - Classical Tamil
Naa - Tongue
Kalvi - Knowledge
Manam - mind
Nadai - Behaviour
Natpu - Friendship
Dhayai - Mercy
Kodai - Benevolence
Piravi - Birth
Gunam - Character

With this song, Avvaiyar remarked that except friendly attitude, mercy and benevolence, all other things are acquired by practice and even Kambar’s poetic skills are by practice and not by birth. This put Kambar in a very bad situation of being humiliated in front of the others.

The King could not tolerate Kambar being humiliated like this, but he cannot deny the truth attached to Avvaiyar’s song and Kambar’s behaviour at that instance. However, he did not want Kambar to feel bad about that and hence told that there is no one to win Kambar in his poetic eloquence. As usual, came a song from Avvaiyar

காணாமல் வேணதெல்லாம் கத்தலாம் கற்றோர்முன்
கோணாமல் வாய்திறக்கக் கூடாதே நாணாமல்
பேச்சுப்பேச் சென்னும் பெரும்பூனை வந்தக்கால்
கீச்சுக்கீச் சென்னும் கிளி

Kaanamal Venadhellam Kathalaam Katrormun
Konaamal Vaai Thirakka Koodathae Naanamal
Pechu Pechu Yenum Perumpoonai Vandhakkal
Keechu Keechu Yenum Kili


meaning, the people train the parrot to speak words. Once it has learnt to speak a few works, it will talk and gabble continuously. But when a cat enters the room, it will forget about speaking and start screeching. Likewise, once we learn or achieve something, we can talk about it among close circles. But when among learned people, they have to maintain the humility and keep quiet. Otherwise, they would be put to a situation like the parrot seeing a cat. The same was the situation for Kambar, unnecessary talk and pride had led him to a position that he had to be ashamed and keep quiet.

Kaanaamal - Without the presence or being seen
Venadhellam - Whatever wished
Kaththalaam - Shout
Katror - Learned
Mun - in front of
Konaamal Vaai Thirakka koodathae - Should never open the mouth
Pechu - Speech
Perum Poonai - Big cat
Vandhakkal - Arrive
Keechu - Screeching of a parrot
Kili - Parrot

In another instance, Kambar met Avvaiyar and remembering his past bitter experiences, wanted to humiliate Avvaiyar. So, pretending to ask a riddle he humiliated her by using the word ‘dee’ in his question. In Tamil, suffixing or using ‘dee’ when speaking to women is considered derogatory, humiliating and treat the women with utter disrepect. Likewise using ‘daa’ for men is derogatory.

So, Kambar asked the following riddle, where he indirectly referred to the “Aarai” plant and at the same time, humiliating Avvaiyar calling ‘dee’

ஒரு காலடீ நாலிலைப் பந்தலடீ

Oru kaaladi Naalilai Pandhaladi


meaning, What has one foot and four roofs. He referred to the “Aarai” keerai that grows in mud and near ponds. The vallarai keerai is a relative of this. He had used the word “dee” as a pun to also mean the foot and the thing underneath a roof or a tent

Avvaiyar knew Kambar’s intentions, grew angry and blasted him off with the answer at the last in the same style of pun. Kambar was paid back through the same coin.

எட்டேகால் லட்சணமே எமனே றும்பரியே
மட்டில் பெரியம்மை வாகனமே முட்டமேற்
கூரையில்லா வீடே குலராமன் தூதுவனே
ஆரையடா சொன்னா யடா?

Ettaekaal Latchanamae Yemenerum Pariyae
Mattil Periyammai Vaaganamae Mutta Mael
Koorai Illa Veedae Kula Raaman Thoodhuvanae
Aaraiyada Sonnai Ada


meaning, You disfigured beauty, You buffalo - the mount of Yemen (The Diety who is believed to take the lives when someone dies), You donkey - The mount of Moodhevi (The elder sister of Goddess Lakshmi who is believed to bring bad luck), a roofless wall/home (Kutti Suvar in Tamil), You monkey - the messenger for Lord Rama. How dare you address me like that?. The last line is interpreted as a pun. With the second meaning indicating the answer to Kambar’s question, “You mentioned the Aarai Keerai”.

Ettaekaal Latchanamae - Eight and a quarter beauty - In Tamil, 8 is written as அ and quarter as வ, put together it would be அவலட்சணமே, meaning ugliness or disfigured.
Yemen - The deity of death
Erum Pariyae - Buffalo, the mount of Yemen
Periyammai - Moodhevi, who is believed to bring bad luck is the elder sister of Goddess of wealth, Lakshmi.
Vaaganam - Mount of Moodhevi - The donkey
Koorai - Roof
Veedu - Home
Kula Raman Thoodhuvan - Hanuman, the monkey God, here refers Kambar as a monkey
Aarai - Refers to the pronoun “who” and the plant “Aarai”
Sonnai - Tell
Ada - Derogatory addressing of a man

Avvaiyar proved her eloquence at all times and never left anyone offend her even verbally. People who were kind to her got back the same kindness back. But when provoked they will face the brunt of her literary eloquence.

More to come, until then....

Austere Avvaiyar - Part 4

Nall Vazhi, meaning Good way to lead life, is another great work by Avvaiyar that teems with morals. Like Moodhurai, Nall Vazhi also starts with the praise of Lord Ganesh.


பாலும் தெளிதேனும் பாகும் பருப்பும் இவை

நாலும் கலந்துனக்கு நான் தருவேன் கோலஞ்செய்

துங்கக்கரி முகத்துத்தூமணியே நீ எனக்கு
சங்கத்தமிழ் மூன்றும் தா


Paalum Theli Thaenum Paagum Paruppum Ivai
Naalum Kalandhu Unakku Naan Tharuvaen Kolam Sei
Thunga Kari Mugathu Thoomaniyae Nee Enakku
Sanga Thamizh Moondrum Thaa


meaning, I will offer you with milk, pure honey, jaggery and cereals. Bless me and bestow me, the God with the Elephant face. Bless me with all the three forms of Tamil.


The next song exhibits that Avvaiyar was a person who was against caste discrimination.


சாதி இரண்டொழிய வேறில்லை சாற்றுங்கால்
நீதி வழுவா நெறிமுறையின் மேதனியில்
இட்டார் பெரியோர் இடாதார் இழிகுலத்தோர்
பட்டாங்கில் உள்ள படி


Saadhi Irandozhiya Verillai Saatrungaal
Needhi Vazhuvaa Nerimuraiyin Maedhaniyil
Ittar Periyor Idadhaar Izhikulathor
Pattaangil Ulla Padi


meaning, If people should be classified based on caste, the truth is to say that there are only two such classfications. The one who does not go off the path of ethical values, ethical behaviour, generosity called as Noble (Periyor) and the ones that don’t - Ignoble (Izhikulathor). Other than than there are no other castes.


The next song explains the importance of agriculture


ஆற்றம் கரையின் மரமும் அரசறிய
வீற்றிருந்து வாழ்வும் வீழும் ஏற்றம்
உழுதுண்டு வாழ்வதற்கு ஒப்பில்லை கண்டீர்
பழுதுண்டு வேறோர் பணிக்கு


Aatram Karaiyin Maramum Arasariya
Veetrirundha Vaazhvum Veezhum Yaetram
Uzhuthundu Vaazhvadharkku Oppillai Kandeer
Pazhuthundu Vaeror Panikku


meaning, the tree at the river banks and the luxurious life with the king/ruler knowing it, will fall. There is no comparison to living a life by farming crops, the other jobs and life are not determinate and unstable.


The next song is about Karma, one has to suffer for the deeds that one does earlier


செய்தீவினை இருக்க தெய்வத்தை நொந்தக்கால்  
எய்த வருமோ இருநிதியம் வையத்து
அறும்பாவம் எ்ன அறிந்து அன்றிடார்க்கு இன்று
வெறும்பானை பொங்குமோ மேல்


Seitheevinai Irukka Dheivathai Nondhakkaal
Yeitha Varumo Irunidhiyam Vaiyathu
Arumpaavam Ena Arindhu Andridaarkku Indru
Verumpaanai Pongumo Mael


meaning, What is the use of cursing God, when the karma of your sins/bad deeds standing in front. Will such a curse bring fortune and wealth? Without realising that by helping the needy, the sins will go away. Like the empty pot that won’t boil and overflow, will it help those who are empty of good deeds to clear away their sins?


The cycle of Karma is that you will have to help the people around you rather than being miserly or perverse.


The next song is for those greedy for wealth and those who don’t spend what they have earned even for their own necessities


பாடுபட்டு தேடிப் பணத்தை புதைத்து வைத்த
கேடுகெட்ட மானிடரே கேளுங்கள் கூடுவிட்டிங்கு
ஆவிதான் போயினபின் யாரே அனுபவிப்பார்
பாவிகள் அந்த பணம்


Paadu Pattu Thaedi Panathai Pudhaithu Vaitha
Kaeduketta Maanidarae Kaelungal Kooduvittingu
Aavithaan Poyinapin Yaarae Anubavippaar
Paavigaal Andha Panam


meaning, Oh you people who toil to earn money and then safeguard it by burying (hiding) it without even using even for necessities. Who will be going to enjoy all your hard earned money once the soul leaves your body, you sinners.


Quite a strong message, people toil, fritter away their lives to earn a wealth of money but don’t have the heart to spend the money. Avvaiyar asks, what is the use of earning such money that you are not willing to spend even for your necessities, let alone helping others.


People these days are quite using to spending a lot using their credit cards, or rather overspending more than what they earn. The song above is for people who don’t spend and the next song is for people who spend lavishly more than their earning capacity. Both are dangerous and not recommended.


ஆன முதலில் அதிகம் செலவானால்  
மானமழிந்து மதிகெட்டு போன திசை
எல்லார்க்கும் கள்ளனாய் எழுபிறப்பும் தீயனாய்
நல்லார்க்கும் பொல்லானாம் நாடு


Aana Mudhalil Adhigam Selavaanaal
Maanamazhindhu Madhikettu Pona Dhisai
Ellarakkum Kallanai Ezhupirappum Theeyanaai
Nallaarkkum Pollaanaam Naadu


meaning, if one spends more than his capital/income, then he will have to lose his dignity, his sense, knowledge. He will treated as a thief in whatever direction he goes. And in every birth, he will be treated a bad guy without any respect.


The next song illustrates the effect food and hunger have over humans


மானம் குலம் கல்வி வண்மை அறிவுடைமை
தானம் தவம் உயர்ச்சி தாளாண்மை தேனின்
கசிவந்த சொல்லியர்மேல் காமுறுதல் பத்தும்
பசிவந்திட பறந்து போம்


Maanam Kulam Kalvi Vanmai Arivudaiamai
Dhaanam Thavam Uyarchi Thaalaanmai Thaenin
Kasivandha Solliyarmael Kaamurudhal Paththum
Pasivandhida Parandhu Pom


meaning, The ten characteristics of humans would be ignored when a man is hungry. Those 10 are Maanam - Dignity, Kulam - Class in the Society, Kalvi - Education, Vanmai - Strength, Arivudaimai - Knowledge, Dhaanam - Benevolence, Dhavam - Penance, Uyarchi - Rank, Thalanmai - Generosity, Kamurudhal - Romance. Thaenin Kasivandha Solliyarmael Kaamurudhal - Romance with women uttering out words that are sweet as honey


The overall meaning of the song is that If hunger strikes a human, then all the 10 characteristics mentioned above would go away from him/her until his hunger is over. None of the above in the list takes priority until the stomach is filled up.


The last song in this post is about politeness. But it also gives insights to into the simple science that was used to build the architectural wonders such as the Brihadeeshwarar Temple at Thanjavur. Let's see the  meaning of the song


வெட்டெனவை மெத்தெனவை வெல்லாவாம் வேழத்தில்
பட்டுருவும் கோள் பஞ்சில் பாயாது நெட்டிருப்பு
பாறைக்கு நெக்குவிடா பாறை பசுமரத்தின்
வேருக்கு நெக்கு விடும்


Vettenavai Methenavai Vellavaam Vaezhathil
Patturuvum Kol Panjil Paayaadhu Nettiruppu
Paaraikku Nekku Vidaa Paarai Pasumarathin
Vaerukku Nekku Vidum


meaning, Hard and rough things will never win over soft things. A spear that thrusts through the body of an elephant will never be able to thrust up into cotton. Likewise a rock that does not give in even for the hardest iron crowbars, will give in for the tender roots of a tree.


This song above illustrates the need for people to polite as it yields good results and also it even helps achieving the almost impossible. Apart from the moral, this song also provides some scientific insights into how the people who built such magnificent temples were able to cut out huge rocks from the mountains without the aid of modern instruments 1000 years ago.  First they would select the rock that needs to be cut out, then they chisel out small holes along the line the rock has to be cut, then they drive in the roots of trees and pour water into it. As a result, the root would expand as it soaks and then rock would be cut out with perfect precision. This is how people used to cut out rocks from mountains - simple and effective way!


I have covered only a few songs, of Moodhurai and Nall Vazhi, but the others are indeed quite valuable. In the upcoming posts, we will see more interesting incidents and legends about Avvaiyar.


More to come, until then...

Austere Avvaiyar - Part 3

The next of the famous works of Avvaiyar come Moodhurai and Nall Vazhi, these were the works of the later Avvaiyars. The beauty of these two works the lines in the verses are still being used as a quote by people even today. Though people don't remember full verses, but the lines in those verses stand as a testimony to truth and values, for example, "Kettalum Maen makkal maen makkalae" meaning "People who are noble will never lose their nobility even during tough times/penury". In this post, we will see the verses from Moodhurai.

As with most Tamil poems, the first song/verse will be in praise of the God, usually Lord Vinayakar; Moodhurai and Nall Vazhi begin with a song that is in praise of Lord Vinayakar


 வாக்குண்டாம் நல்ல மனமுண்டாம்  மாமலராள்
நோக்குண்டாம் மேனி நுடங்காது பூக்கொண்டு
துப்பார் திருமேனித் தும்பிக்கையான் பாதம்
தப்பாமல் சார்வார் தமக்கு

Vaakundaam Nalla Manamundaam Maamalaraal
Nokkundaam Meni Nudangaadhu Pookkondu
Thuppaar Thirumeni Thumbikkaiyaan Paadham
Thappaamal Saarvaar Thamakku
 

meaning, People who worship the elephant trunked God, Lord Ganesh, with flowers will have good command of words and knowledge, good heart and mind, the blessings of the Goddess of wealth and prosperisty, Goddess Lakshmi and good health.

Vaakundaam - Vaaku + Undaam - Word, Knowledge
Nalla Manamundaam - Good Heart, Mind
Maamalaraal - Goddess Lakshmi
Nokku Undaam - Sight, Blessings
Meni - Body
Nudangaadhu - Will not become weak or have ailments
Pookondu - With flowers
Thuppaar Thirumeni - The body of Lord Ganesh which is bright in colour
Thumbikkaiyaan - Lord Ganesh - Thumbikkai - elephant's trunk
Paadham - Feet
Thappaamal Saarvar - People who worship Lord Ganesh's feet without fail
Thamakku - A pronoun referring the people who worship Lord Ganesh

We would have come across the next two song, in one of the earlier posts however, it is worth repeating them here, because of the moral they inculcate about the good deeds

நன்றி யொருவற்க்குச் செய்தக்கால் அந்நன்றி
என்று தருங்கொல் எனவேண்டா  நின்று
தளரா வளர்தெங்கு தாளுண்ட நீரை
தலையாலே தான் தருதலால்

Nandri Oruvarrkku Seidhakkaal Annandri
Endru Tharungol Ena Vendaa Nindru
Thalaraa Valar Thengu Thaal Unda Neerai
Thalaiyaalae Thaan Tharudhalaal
 
meaning, deeds done in time of need, however small, without expecting a favour in return, will pay off someday like the coconut tree that gives benefit carrying on its head, though you pour the water to its feet.

Nandri - Good deeds, gratitude
Oruvarukku - for someone
Seidhakkaal - Act done
Endru - When
Tharungol - Benefit, pay in return
nindru thalaraa valar thengu - The coconut tree (thengu) that stands tall and steady
Thaal - Feet
Unda - Drank, intake
Neerai - Water
Thalaiyalae - On top of the head
Tharudhalaal - provide 


நெல்லுக்கிறைத்த  நீர்  வாய்கால்  வழியோடி
புல்லுக்கும்  ஆங்கே  பொசியுமாம்  தொல்லுலகில்
நல்லார்  ஒருவர்  உளரேல்  அவர்பொருட்டு
எல்லார்க்கும்  பெய்யும்  மழை

Nellukku Iraitha Neer Vaaikaal Vazhiyodi
Pullukkum Aangae Posiyumaam Thollulagil
Nallaar Oruvar Ularael Avarporuttu
Ellarrkkum Peiyyum Mazhai
 
meaning, The water that is pumped to irrigate paddy also irrigates the weeds and grass. Likewise, just for the one good person on earth, rain falls for the benefit for everyone on earth. Good deeds are so powerful that even for good deeds done by a few, everyone in this world gets benefitted.

Nellukku - (possesive case of) Nell - Paddy
Iraitha - Poured, Irrigated
Neer - Water
Vaaikaal - Stream, a shallow passage for water to flow
Vazhi - Path
Odi - Run
Pullukkum - For the grass (Pull), in this context, weed
Aangae - There
Posiyumaam - Flow, Drip
Tholl Ulagil - Old (Tholl) Earth - (Ulagu)
Nallaar - Good persons
Oruvar - (denoting count of persons) One
Ularael - Ula - Exist ; in conjunction with Oruvar - if one such person exists
Avar Poruttu - Avar: Them, respected tone of a single person; Poruttu - For a particular purpose
Ellarkkum - For all (Ellar)
Peyyum Mazhai - pour down, used in conjunction with rain (Mazhai)

 அட்டாலும் பால்சுவையிற் குன்றா தளவளய்
நட்டாலும் நண்பல்லார் நண்பு  அல்லர்
கெட்டாலும் மேன்மக்கள் மேன்மக்களே சங்கு
சுட்டாலும் வெண்மை தரும்

Attaalum Paal Suvaiyil Kundraadhu Thalavalai
Nataalum Nanballaar Nanbu Allar
Kettaalum Maenmakkal Maenmakkalae Sangu
Sutaalum Venmai Tharum
 
meaning, Certain things done in this world don't change even if the circumstances change. Like milk that still tastes good, even after boiling it in fire. People who are not friends will never be friends even if they are placed nearby each other. People who are noble and magnanimous will never lose their magnanimity even in times of adversity. Likewise the conch shell will be white inside, even if charred by hot fire

Attaalum - Boil
Paal - Milk
Suvai - Taste
Kundraadhu - Not deteriorate
Nataalum - Place nearby
Nanbu - Friendship; Allaar - Negation
Kettaalum - Fall into adversity, worsen in situation
Maenmakkal - Magnanimous People
Sangu - Conch
Suttalum - Burn
Venmai - Whiteness

Some of Avvaiyar's songs strongly support the concept of destiny and fate. In the next two songs, Avvaiyar's point that things won't happen until time is ripe and things destined to happen will happen 


அடுத்து முயன்றாலும்  ஆகு  நாளன்றி
எடுத்த  கருமங்கள்  ஆகா  தொடுத்த
உருவத்தால்  நீண்ட  உயர்மரங்கள்  எல்லாம்
பருவத்தால்  அன்றி  பழா

Aduthu Muyandraalum Aagu Naalandri
Edutha Karumangal Aaga Thodutha
Uruvathaal Neenda Uyarmarangal Ellaam
Paruvathaal Andri Pazhaa.

meaning, even if you attempt again and again, things that should happen only a specified time will not happen until the time is ripe, like the trees that stand tall, though they are big in size, will not bear fruit until it is the right time.

Aduthu Muyandraalum - Even if tried again and again
Aagu naal - Ripe time/Destined day
Edutha Karumangal - Tasks taken
Thodutha uruvathaal - In their grown appearance
Neenda uyar marangal - the tall and lengthy trees
Paruvathaal - Season
Andri Pazhaa - Will not bear fruit until that time 


எழுதியவாறே  காண்  இரங்கும்  மடநெஞ்சே
கருதிய  வாராமோ  கருமம்  கருதிப்போய்
கற்பகத்தை  சேர்ந்தோருக்கு  காஞ்சிரங்காய்  ஈந்தேல்
முற்பவத்தில்  செய்த  வினை

Ezhuthiyavaarae Kaan Irangum Madanenjae
Karudhiya Vaaraamo Karumam Karudhippoi
Karpagathai Saernthorkku Kaanjirangaai Eendhael
Murpavathil Seidha Vinai
 
meaning, Hey you wailing heart. Things will happen the way they are destined to happen. Will they happen the way you imagine them to happen? Even if you reach the Karpaga tree - (the mythological tree that gives you anything when you are under it) - and if it gives the Ettikaai (Poisonous fruit), then it is what it has been destined for you from your past actions.

Ezhuthiya - Written
Kaan - See
Irangum - Wailing, Despondent
Mada Nenjae - Foolish Heart/Mind
Karudhiyavaaru  - Imagined
Aamo - Happen
Karumam - Act, Result
Karpagam - Mythological tree that gives anything wished for
Saernthu - Reach
Kaanjirankaai - Ettikaai (Strychnos Nuxvomica)
Murpavam - Past life
Seidha - Done
Vinai - Actions/Sin 


கான  மயிலாட  கண்டிருந்த  வான்கோழி
தானும்  அதுவாக  பாவித்து தானுந்தன்
பொல்லாச்சிறகை  விரித்து  ஆடினாற் போலுமே
கல்லாதான்  கற்ற  கவி

Kaana Mayilaada Kandirundha Vaankozhi
Thaanum Adhuvaaga Paavithu Thaanum Thann
Polla Siragai Virithu Aadinaar Polumae
Kallaadhaan Katra Kavi

meaning, The turkey that saw a peacock dancing with its feathers spreadout. On seeing that the turkey started spreading out its feathers imitating the peacock and started dancing. This can be compared to a poem being learnt by a fool

Kaana - Forest
Mayil - Peacock
Aada - Dance
Vaankozhi - Turkey
Thaanum Adhuvaaga Paavithu - Considering it as peacock
Thaanum Thann - Pronoun referring the turkey
Polla Siragu - Incomplete or Insufficient feathers
Virithu - Spread
Aadinaal - Dance
Kalladhaan - Illiterate
Katra Kavi - learned poem

The next song illustrates the prominence for education and knowledge. The most popular phrase "Katrorukku Sendra Idam Ellam Sirappu" which means "The learned and scholarly will be praised wherever they go" is from this song



மன்னனும்  மாசற  கற்றோனும்  சீர்தூக்கின்
மன்னனில்  கற்றோன்  சிறப்புடையன்  மன்னனுக்கு
தன்தேசம்  அல்லால்  சிறப்பில்லை  கற்றோருக்கு
சென்ற  இடமெல்லாம்  சிறப்பு

Mannanum Maasara Kattronum Seerthookin
Mannanil Katron Sirappudaiyan Mannanukku
Thann Desam Allaal Sirappillai Katrorukku
Sendra Idam Ellam Sirappu
 
meaning, if you compare a King and a Scholar, a Scholar has more prominence that the King. The King is popular and prominent only in his kingdom and outside of his kingdom, he is not; but a scholar is popular and prominent at all places wherever he goes

Mannan - King
Maasara Katron - Scholar
Seerthookin - Compare
Sirappudaiyan - Prominent, Popular, Better
Thann - His
Desam - Country
Sendra Idam - Places gone

Not only are the songs in Moodhurai are simple to understand, the moral values they inculcate are great and are still being used by parents and elders to educate their children about the moral values the Tamil Civilization had thousands of years ago.

More to come, until then...